Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic hemoglobinopathy of clinical relevance because of its significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in people of African and Mediterranean ancestry. SCD results from a mutated form of hemoglobin, hemoglobin S (HBS), and vascular obstruction and ischemia result in a wide range of clinical problems. Effects on the musculoskeletal system include extramedullary hematopoiesis, osteonecrosis, dactylitis (hand-foot syndrome), myonecrosis, and osteomyelitis,with bone disease being one of the most common presentations in patients with SCD.
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